Abstract

This paper introduces and discusses the use of tangential x‐rays as a tool and technique for analysis of fitment of the tire/wheel contact area or bead seat area for any pneumatic tire/wheel assembly. The bead seat area of pneumatic tires has long been an area of “intrigue” owing to its hidden nature. This technique is demonstrated in the analysis of a progressive degradation of a casing ply turn‐up in a tire. The tangential x‐ray methodology permits observation of the structural elements in a tire while it is mounted and inflated. The process makes it possible to answer definitively many questions relating to the fitment of a tire to a rim. The paper includes examples of bead and component identification and placement. More importantly, tangential x‐ray analysis helps in the evaluation of minute tear anomalies and their propagation during use.