Abstract

A better understanding of the tire force transmission mechanisms from footprint to spindle due to cleat impact and other road disturbances is important to improve the ride performance of the tire/vehicle system. In this study, the in‐plane force transmission of tires rolling over cleats is studied using various approaches: analytical, numerical and experimental. The tire force response at the spindle is compared and several important observations are made. Results reported in the literature are critically reviewed as well.