Editorial Type:
Article Category: Other
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Online Publication Date: 01 Apr 2015

Definition and Modeling of the Power Loss of Tires

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Page Range: 163 – 180
DOI: 10.2346/tire.15.430202
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ABSTRACT

Tires represent a crucial leverage for reducing CO2 emissions: in the future, the importance of analyzing power losses under real-vehicle-driving conditions and conflicts between optimizing power loss, longitudinal dynamics, lateral dynamics, and comfort will increase.

The objective of the present study is to develop both the set of physical characteristic values (CV-set) and the genetic algorithm used to generate Magic Formula parameter sets that have the desired physical characteristics. To this purpose, improvements concerning the genetic algorithm are presented and a definition for the power loss of tires is derived and validated through measurements on an outer drum test bench. Then, four physical characteristic values describing the power loss are added to the existing CV-set. This CV-set, in combination with a genetic algorithm, allows us to generate virtual tires (e.g., Magic Formula model) with defined physical characteristics of longitudinal force, lateral force, aligning moment, and power loss.

Keywords: power loss; physical characteristic values; genetic algorithm; Magic Formula
FIG. 1
FIG. 1

Genetic algorithm cycle.

FIG. 2
FIG. 2

Driven tire on a flat surface.

FIG. 3
FIG. 3

Rolling tire on a outer drum test bench.

FIG. 4
FIG. 4

Evolution of the main parameters of the Tire Fitter over generations.

FIG. 5
FIG. 5

Measurements versus fitted MF tire.

FIG. 6
FIG. 6

Fitted MF tire: power loss as a function of velocity and slip angle.

FIG. 7
FIG. 7

Fitted MF tire: power loss as a function of slip and camber angle.

FIG. 8
FIG. 8

Fitted MF tire: power loss as a function of tire load and slip angle.

FIG. 9
FIG. 9

Comparison between additional measurements and fitted MF tire.

FIG. 10
FIG. 10

Original and generated MF tire: power loss as a function of velocity and slip angle.

FIG. 11
FIG. 11

Original and generated MF tire: power loss as a function of slip and camber angle.

FIG. 12
FIG. 12

Original and generated MF tire: power loss as a function of tire load and slip angle.

Contributor Notes

1 Corresponding author. Advanced Development Wheels and Tires, BMW Group, Munich, 80788, Germany. Email: ulrico.peckelsen@bmw.de
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